Sicilian Meat Cookies ('Mpanatigghi)

Method

1. Using a food processor or electric mixer, mix flour, 1/3 cup sugar, and butter pieces. Pulse until you have large pea-sized pieces of mixture. Add egg yolks and 3 tbsp of ice cold water and pulse again until dough pulls away by itself from the sides. Continue adding water, 1 tbsp at a time, until a ball of dough is formed.
2. Transfer the dough onto a clean work surface and press it into a disk about 6 inches in diameter. Wrap tightly in plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 6 hours or overnight.
3. Meanwhile, make the filling: In a medium skillet, heat the oil over medium-high heat. When the oil shimmers, add the beef and salt and cook, stirring frequently. until the meat is browned and cooked through, about 5 minutes. Transfer the beef and any grease to a heat resistant bowl and set aside to cool completely.
4. In the clean bowl of the food processor, add the almonds and pulse until they are coarsely chopped. Add the chopped candied fruit, chocolate, and 3 2/3 tbsp ofsugar, then continue pulsing until the ingredients have the consistency of a coarse oatmeal, about 30 seconds.
5. Add the cooled beef, cinnamon, and nutmeg and pulse 2–3 times to combine. Transfer the filling into a large bowl and stir in the egg whites to combine. Set aside.
6. Preheat the oven to 350°F and line 2 large baking sheets with parchment paper.
7. Unwrap the dough and lightly flour a third large sheet of parchment paper and a rolling pin. Place the dough on the floured parchment and roll it out to an even sheet ⅛ of an inch thick. Using a 2-inch round cutter, cut the dough into 32 circles. Add 1½ teaspoons of the filling to the top third of each circle.
8. Use a paring knife to cut a 1-inch slit horizontally into the center of the bottom third of each circle. Fold each circle in half, pressing the air out with your thumbs and evening the filling out within each cookie (don't worry if some of the filling peeks out through the cut in the dough).
9. Crimp the edges with a fork or your fingers to seal them, then transfer the cookies, cut side up, to the lined baking sheets, taking care to leave at least 1½ inches between each cookie.
10. In a small bowl, beat the whole egg with 1 tablespoon cold water. Brush the top and sides of each cookie with the egg wash, then bake, rotating the baking sheets once halfway through, until the edges of the cookies are a light golden brown, approximately 15–17 minutes.
11. Remove the baking sheets and let the cookies cool on the sheets for 5 minutes. Then transfer the cookies to a wire rack to cool completely. Once fully cooled, dust with powdered sugar and serve.